K & W Fiber Lock Head Gasket Repair Reviews
| K | |
|---|---|
| K k | |
| (Run across below) | |
 | |
| Usage | |
| Writing system | Latin script |
| Type | Alphabetic and Logographic |
| Language of origin | Latin language |
| Phonetic usage | [yard] [kʰ] [kʼ] [ɡ] |
| Unicode codepoint | U+004B, U+006B |
| Alphabetical position | 11 |
| History | |
| Evolution |
|
| Time period | ~-700 to present |
| Descendants | • K • Ʞ • ₭ |
| Sisters | К כ ך ک ك ܟ ࠊ 𐎋 ከ Կ կ Հ հ Խ խ |
| Variations | (See below) |
| Other | |
| Other messages usually used with | thou(x) |
1000, or thousand, is the eleventh letter of the modern English alphabet and the ISO basic Latin alphabet. Its name in English is kay (pronounced ), plural kays.[1] The letter of the alphabet Chiliad usually represents the voiceless velar plosive.
History
| Egyptian hieroglyph D | Proto-Sinaitic 1000 | Proto-Canaanite kap | Phoenician kaph | Greek Kappa | Latin M |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |  |  |  |  |  |
The letter 1000 comes from the Greek letter of the alphabet Κ (kappa), which was taken from the Semitic kaph, the symbol for an open hand.[2] This, in plow, was likely adapted past Semitic tribes who had lived in Egypt from the hieroglyph for "hand" representing /ḏ/ in the Egyptian give-and-take for paw, ⟨ḏ-r-t⟩ (probable pronounced /ˈcʼaːɾat/ in Old Egyptian). The Semites evidently assigned it the sound value /1000/ instead, considering their word for paw started with that audio.[3]
In the earliest Latin inscriptions, the letters C, K and Q were all used to represent the sounds /k/ and /ɡ/ (which were not differentiated in writing). Of these, Q was used before a rounded vowel (due east.m. ⟨EQO⟩ 'ego'), K before /a/ (e.g. ⟨KALENDIS⟩ 'calendis'), and C elsewhere. Later, the use of C and its variant G replaced nearly usages of G and Q. K survived only in a few fossilized forms such as Kalendae, "the calends".[iv]
Subsequently Greek words were taken into Latin, the Kappa was transliterated as a C. Loanwords from other alphabets with the audio /k/ were besides transliterated with C. Hence, the Romance languages generally use C, in imitating Classical Latin'south do, and take K only in later loanwords from other language groups. The Celtic languages also tended to utilise C instead of K, and this influence carried over into Old English.
Pronunciation and apply
| Language | Dialect(s) | Pronunciation (IPA) | Environment | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faroese | /yard/ | hard | ||
| /tʃʰ/ | soft | |||
| Greek | /c/ | soft | Latinization | |
| /grand/ | difficult | Latinization | ||
| Icelandic | /cʰ/ | soft | ||
| /ç/ | soft, lenited | |||
| /kʰ/ | hard | |||
| /x/ | hard, lenited | |||
| Mandarin | Standard | /kʰ/ | Pinyin latinization | |
| Norwegian | /ç/ | soft | ||
| /one thousand/ | hard | |||
| Swedish | /k/ | hard | ||
| /ɕ/ | soft | |||
| Turkish | /c/ | soft | ||
| /k/ | hard | |||
English
English is at present the simply Germanic language to productively use "hard" ⟨c⟩ (outside the digraph ⟨ck⟩) rather than ⟨m⟩ (although Dutch uses it in loan words of Latin origin, and the pronunciation of these words follows the same difficult/soft distinction as in English).[ citation needed ]
The letter ⟨grand⟩ is silent at the beginning of an English give-and-take when it comes before the letter ⟨n⟩, as in the words "knight," "knife," "knot," "know," and "knee".
Similar J, 10, Q, and Z, the letter K is not used very frequently in English. It is the fifth least often used letter in the English language, with a frequency in words of nigh 0.8%.
Number
In the International Arrangement of Units (SI), the SI prefix for one k is kilo-, officially abbreviated as k: for example, prefixed to metre/meter or its abridgement thousand, kilometre or km signifies a 1000 metres. Every bit such, people occasionally correspond numbers in a non-standard note past replacing the last three zeros of the general numeral with K, as in 30K for xxx,000.
Other languages
In most languages where it is employed, this letter represents the audio /yard/ (with or without aspiration) or some similar sound.
Other systems
The International Phonetic Alphabet uses ⟨grand⟩ for the voiceless velar plosive.
Ancestors, descendants and siblings
- 𐤊 : Semitic letter Kaph, from which the following symbols originally derive
- Κ κ/ϰ : Greek letter Kappa, from which K derives
- К к : Cyrillic letter of the alphabet Ka, as well derived from Kappa
- Chiliad with diacritics: Ƙ ƙ, Ꝁ ꝁ, Ḱ ḱ, Ǩ ǩ, Ḳ ḳ, Ķ ķ, ᶄ, Ⱪ ⱪ, Ḵ ḵ
- Ꞣ and ꞣ were used in Latvian orthography earlier 1921[5]
- The Uralic Phonetic Alphabet uses various forms of the letter K:[half-dozen]
- U+1D0B ᴋ LATIN LETTER Pocket-sized CAPITAL K
- U+1D37 ᴷ MODIFIER LETTER Capital letter Thou
- U+1D4F ᵏ MODIFIER Alphabetic character SMALL K
- ₖ : Subscript small k was used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet prior to its formal standardization in 1902[seven]
- Ʞ ʞ : Turned uppercase and small grand were used in transcriptions of the Dakota linguistic communication in publications of the American Board of Ethnology in the late 19th century.[viii] Turned small k was also used for a velar click in the International Phonetic Alphabet but its utilise was withdrawn in 1970.
Ligatures and abbreviations
- ₭ : Lao kip
- Ꝃ ꝃ, Ꝅ ꝅ, Ꞣ ꞣ : Various forms of K were used for medieval scribal abbreviations[9]
Calculating codes
| Preview | K | thousand | K | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode proper name | LATIN Uppercase LETTER K | LATIN Pocket-size LETTER K | KELVIN SIGN | |||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 75 | U+004B | 107 | U+006B | 8490 | U+212A |
| UTF-8 | 75 | 4B | 107 | 6B | 226 132 170 | E2 84 AA |
| Numeric graphic symbol reference | K | K | k | k | K | K |
| EBCDIC family | 210 | D2 | 146 | 92 | ||
| ASCII 1 | 75 | 4B | 107 | 6B | ||
- i Also for encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings.
Other representation
Other usage
- "K" replacing "C" in satiric misspelling.
- M is the unit symbol for the kelvin, used to measure thermodynamic temperature (annotation: degree sign is not used with kelvin scale).
- K is the chemical symbol for the element potassium (K is an abbreviation of kalium, the Latin proper name for potassium).
- Triangle K.
- Unit prefix grand, meaning one thousand times.
- Josef Thousand is the name of the principal graphic symbol in Franz Kafka's novel The Trial.
- In chess notation, the letter Yard represents the King (WK for White King, BK for Black King).
- In baseball game scoring, the letter of the alphabet K is used to represent a strikeout. A forrad oriented K represents a "strikeout swinging"; a backwards oriented 1000 (
) represents a "strikeout looking". - As abbreviation for OK, oftentimes used in emails and short text messages.
- K is used as a slang term for Ketamine among recreational drug users.
- In the CMYK colour model, K represents black ink.
- In International Morse lawmaking it is used to mean "over".[10]
- In fracture mechanics, K is used to represent the stress intensity gene.
- In physics, k unremarkably stands for Boltzmann's constant
- K (logic).
- Grand is used colloquially to mean kilometre (as in "a 10K run").
- K is used to indicate thousands, especially when expressing amounts of money, e.g. $20K = xx grand dollars.
- In the United Kingdom under the onetime organisation (before 2001), a licence plate that begins with "K" for case "K123 XYZ" would correspond to a vehicle registered between August i, 1992, and July 31, 1993. Again under the sometime system, a licence plate that ends with "K" for example "ABC 123K" would represent to a vehicle that was registered betwixt Baronial i, 1971, and July 31, 1972.
- On Idaho license plates, an initial Thousand in the plate number indicates information technology was issued in Kootenai County.
References
- ^ "Thousand" Oxford English Lexicon, second edition (1989); Merriam-Webster'south Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged (1993); "kay," op. cit.
- ^ "One thousand". The Oxford English language Dictionary, 2nd ed., 1977, online(registration required) [ dead link ]
- ^ Gordon, Cyrus H. (1970). "The Accidental Invention of the Phonemic Alphabet". Journal of Nigh Eastern Studies. 29 (3): 193–197. doi:10.1086/372069. JSTOR 543451. S2CID 161870047.
- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995). New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin (illustrated ed.). New York: Oxford Academy Press. p. 21. ISBN0-19-508345-8. Archived from the original on 2016-11-09. Retrieved 2016-ten-18 .
- ^ "Latin Extended-D" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-03-25. Retrieved 2019-03-06 .
- ^ Everson, Michael; et al. (2002-03-20). "L2/02-141: Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-02-19. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Ruppel, Klaas; Aalto, Tero; Everson, Michael (2009-01-27). "L2/09-028: Proposal to encode additional characters for the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Everson, Michael; Jacquerye, Denis; Lilley, Chris (2012-07-26). "L2/12-270: Proposal for the addition of ten Latin characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-03-thirty. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Everson, Michael; Baker, Peter; Emiliano, António; Grammel, Florian; Haugen, Odd Einar; Luft, Diana; Pedro, Susana; Schumacher, Gerd; Stötzner, Andreas (2006-01-30). "L2/06-027: Proposal to add Medievalist characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-09-19. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Stephen Phillips (2009-06-04). "International Morse Code". Archived from the original on 2014-02-12. Retrieved 2014-02-10 .
External links
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K
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