Hey Joe What Do You Know Just Got Back From the Vaudeville Show Us Army
| "Hey Joe" | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 The Leaves' 3rd release of "Hey Joe" | ||||
| Single by the Leaves | ||||
| B-side |
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| Released |
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| Genre | Hard rock[i] | |||
| Length | 2:forty | |||
| Label | Mira | |||
| Songwriter(s) |
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| Producer(s) | Norm Ratner | |||
| The Leaves singles chronology | ||||
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"Hey Joe" is an American vocal from the 1960s that has become a rock standard and has been performed in many musical styles by hundreds of different artists.[2] The lyrics tell of a human being who is on the run and planning to head to United mexican states later shooting his unfaithful wife.[3] In 1962, Billy Roberts registered "Hey Joe" for copyright in the United States.[four]
In tardily 1965, Los Angeles garage band the Leaves recorded the primeval known commercial version of "Hey Joe", which was released as a single. They re-recorded the song and released information technology in 1966 as a follow-up single, which became a hit in the U.s..[5] In October 1966, Jimi Hendrix recorded "Hey Joe" for his first single with the Jimi Hendrix Experience.[vi] Their version became a hitting in the Uk.
[edit]
The authorship of the vocal has been contested, and different recordings have credited its writing to either Baton Roberts or Dino Valenti, or have listed information technology as a traditional song.
"Hey Joe" was registered for copyright in the US in 1962 by Baton Roberts, a California-based folk musician.[4] Scottish folk singer Len Partridge has claimed that he helped write the song with Roberts when they both performed in clubs in Edinburgh in 1956.[four] Roberts may take fatigued inspiration for "Hey Joe" from iii earlier works: the song "Babe, Delight Don't Get to Boondocks" written by his girlfriend Niela Horn (afterwards Miller), which uses a like chord progression based on the circumvolve of fifths;[7] [8] Carl Smith's 1953 US land hit "Hey Joe!" (written past Boudleaux Bryant), which shared the championship and the "questioning" format; and the early 20th century traditional ballad "Footling Sadie", which tells of a human being on the run after he has shot his wife.[9] Niela Horn Miller'due south song "Baby Don't Go to Town" was recorded equally a demo tape in 1962, simply was not released until 2009 when information technology appeared on her LP Songs of Leaving.[10]
Billy Roberts performed "Hey Joe" regularly in the belatedly 1950s and early 1960s, without copyrighting it, and some other performers including Pete Seeger recognised that it had been developed from Niela Miller's song. In 1962, Roberts registered the vocal every bit his composition at the Library of Congress, and recorded a demo tape of it. Niela Miller separately registered some of her songs, including "Infant, Please Don't Become to Boondocks". Seeger offered to testify on her behalf so she could claim office of the credit for "Hey Joe", but this was not pursued. Roberts likewise played the song when touring with his friend Dino Valenti. When Valenti moved to California in 1963 he began performing it himself, and copyrighted it in Los Angeles every bit his own composition.[vii]
Roberts after regained the composing credit, just a share of the publishing income was retained by the Los Angeles publishing company.[seven] Other sources (including singer Pat Craig) claim that Roberts assigned the rights to the song to his friend Valenti while Valenti was in jail, in gild to requite him some income upon release.[11] Rights to the song were administered from 1966 into the 2000s by the music publisher 3rd Story Music (now Third Palm Music); there the author is listed as Billy Roberts.[12]
Singer Tim Rose recorded the song in 1966, and it was credited equally a traditional song. No documentary evidence has been forthcoming to support an assertion that "Hey Joe" is a wholly traditional piece of work.[thirteen] Rose later told writer Richie Unterberger that he had learned the song in 1960 from folk singer Vince Martin.[7]
Lyrics [edit]
The lyrics to "Little Sadie" ofttimes locate the events in Thomasville, N Carolina, and "downwardly in" Jericho, South Carolina (a large rice plantation in the lowlands);[fourteen] [xv] Roberts was born in South Carolina. Variations of "Little Sadie" have been recorded under diverse titles (including "Bad Lee Chocolate-brown", "Penitentiary Blues", "Cocaine Blues", "Whiskey Blues") by many artists, including Clarence Ashley (1930),[sixteen] Johnny Cash (1960 and 1968), Slim Dusty (1961),[17] and Bob Dylan (1970). Some versions modify the southbound location from Jericho (S Carolina) to Mexico.
The lyrics are written in 2 stanzas with a curt repeated refrain. The first stanza has a bystander locate Joe walking with a gun in his manus and asks about his intentions. Joe answers with the principal refrain that his girlfriend did him wrong and he wishes to shoot her. In the second stanza, Joe is preparing to become on the run to United mexican states in club to evade capture and avert the constabulary.[18] The lyrics have been interpreted in two different casts of stance with the first cast claiming that the lyrics point to the flight of Joe to Mexico as his quest for freedom from oppression in avoiding the law.[19] The other approach to the lyrics has been to read the "woman-done-me-wrong" song as "ugly and misogynist, with Joe'due south air of unapologetic defiance" being unjustifiable co-ordinate to author David Stubbs.[20]
Early recordings (1965–1966) [edit]
Roberts' song gained fans in the Los Angeles music scene of the mid-1960s, which led to fast-paced recordings in 1965 and 1966 by the Leaves, the Standells, the Surfaris, Dear, the Music Machine, and the Byrds, swiftly making the song a garage rock classic.[5] Both Valenti and the Byrds' David Crosby have been reported equally helping to popularize the song earlier it was recorded past the Leaves in December 1965.[21]
The Leaves, who had been introduced to the vocal while attending performances by the Byrds (who had yet to record their own version of the vocal) at Ciro's in Los Angeles,[21] recorded and released iii versions of "Hey Joe" between 1965 and 1966.[3] Their first version was released in November/December 1965, but sold poorly.[5] The ring's third recorded version of the song became a striking in May/June 1966, reaching No. 31 on the Billboard Hot 100[5] chart and No. 29 on the Canadian RPM Magazine charts.[22] The Leaves' version is notable for being the only recording of the song to reach the Pinnacle 40 of the Billboard nautical chart.[three]
The Surfaris' recording of the song, released on the B-side of its "So Go out" unmarried, is sometimes cited as being the first rock recording of the song,[23] just a number of reliable sources contend that the Surfaris' version dates from 1966, well after the Leaves' original 1965 version.[24] [25] There is some dispute over exactly when the Surfaris' recording of the song was released. Some sources list its release appointment as being late 1965[23] and other sources list it equally beingness June 1966.[26]
Three other Los Angeles bands recorded the song in 1966: the Standells with the title "Hey Joe, Where You Gonna Go", included information technology on their 1966 Dirty Water album;[27] the Music Auto recorded a slow, moody, fuzz-laden version of the song in late 1966;[28] and Dear included a version on their debut album, Honey, recorded in January 1966 and released on Elektra Records in April.[29] Love's Bryan MacLean was introduced to the song by David Crosby during 1965, while MacLean had been a roadie for the Byrds.[21] Love's lead vocalist, Arthur Lee, claimed in later years that it was Love's version that turned Jimi Hendrix on to the vocal as well as most of the other Los Angeles acts who covered the song.[30] Dear's recording of "Hey Joe" features slightly different lyrics than nearly versions of the vocal; for example, the lyric "gun in your hand" became "money in your hand" in Dear's version. The Byrds recording of the song besides features the same contradistinct lyrics as Love'due south version. Beloved guitarist Johnny Echols claims that Love'south and the Byrds' lyrics are the authentic ones. According to Echols, the Leaves (with whom they were friends) had heard Honey performing the song and asked them for the lyrics. He rewrote them to play the Leaves a "dirty play a trick on", accidentally authoring the version that everybody got to know.[31]
The Byrds version [edit]
| "Hey Joe (Where You Gonna Become)" | |
|---|---|
| Vocal past the Byrds | |
| from the album Fifth Dimension | |
| Released | July 18, 1966 (1966-07-18) |
| Recorded | April 28, 1966 |
| Studio | Columbia, Hollywood |
| Genre | Rock |
| Length | 2:17 |
| Label | Columbia |
| Songwriter(southward) | Billy Roberts |
| Producer(s) | Allen Stanton |
The Byrds included a recording of the song, titled "Hey Joe (Where You Gonna Go)", on their 1966 anthology, Fifth Dimension.[21] The lead vocaliser on the Byrds' version was David Crosby, who was instrumental in bringing the song to the group and in popularizing the song inside the larger L.A. music community.[21] Crosby had wanted to record the song almost since the band starting time formed in 1964 but the other members of the Byrds had been unenthusiastic about the vocal.[21] By the time of the recording sessions for Fifth Dimension, several other bands had enjoyed success with covers of "Hey Joe", leaving Crosby angered by his bandmates' lack of faith in the song. Byrds' guitarist and band leader Roger McGuinn recalled in an interview that "The reason Crosby did lead (song) on 'Hey Joe' was considering it was his song. He didn't write information technology but he was responsible for finding it. He'd wanted to do it for years but nosotros would never let him. Then both Honey and the Leaves had a minor hit with it and David got so angry that we had to permit him do it."[eleven]
Full general consensus inside the band and amid critics was that the Byrds' version wasn't an entirely successful reading of the vocal and was inferior to previous recordings of the song by Love and the Leaves.[32] In later years, both McGuinn and the band's managing director, Jim Dickson, criticised Crosby'south vocal performance on the song for non existence powerful enough to behave the aggressive subject matter and expressed regret that the song had been included on Fifth Dimension. Crosby himself later admitted that the recording of the song was an error on his part, stating "It was a mistake, I shouldn't take done it. Everybody makes mistakes."[21]
The song would become on to become a staple of the Byrds' live concert repertoire during 1966 and 1967.[21] The band also included the song in their performance at the Monterey Popular Festival, which is included on the 2002 The Consummate Monterey Pop Festival DVD box set too as on the 1992 The Monterey International Pop Festival CD box set.[33]
Tim Rose and Jimi Hendrix (1966) [edit]
| "Hey Joe" | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 1967 American picture sleeve | ||||
| Single by the Jimi Hendrix Experience | ||||
| B-side | "Rock Free" | |||
| Released | December xvi, 1966 (1966-12-16) | |||
| Recorded | October 23, 1966 | |||
| Studio | De Lane Lea, London | |||
| Genre | Blues rock[34] | |||
| Length | 3:30 | |||
| Characterization | Polydor | |||
| Songwriter(s) | Billy Roberts | |||
| Producer(s) | Chas Chandler | |||
| The Jimi Hendrix Experience singles chronology | ||||
| ||||
Folk rock vocaliser Tim Rose's slower version of the song (recorded in 1966 and claimed to be Rose's system of a wholly traditional song)[ citation needed ] inspired the kickoff unmarried by the Jimi Hendrix Experience.[6] The ex-bassist for the Animals, Chas Chandler, who was at present focusing on managing other acts, had besides seen Rose performing the song at the Cafe Wha? in New York City and was looking for an creative person to tape a stone version of "Hey Joe".[35] [36] Chandler discovered Jimi Hendrix, who had besides been playing at the Buffet Wha? in 1966 and performing an organization of "Hey Joe" inspired by Rose's rendition.[36] Chandler decided to take Hendrix with him to England in September 1966, where he would later on turn the guitarist into a star.[35] Rose re-recorded "Hey Joe" in the 1990s, re-titling information technology "Blue Steel .44"[37] and again claimed the vocal as his own arrangement of a traditional vocal.
Some accounts credit the slower version of the vocal by the British band the Creation equally being the inspiration for Hendrix's version; Chandler and Hendrix saw them perform the vocal after Hendrix arrived in the United kingdom, although the Cosmos's version was not released until later on Hendrix's.[38] It is unclear if the members of the Creation had heard Tim Rose'due south version.
Released in December 1966, Hendrix's version became a hitting in the United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland, entering the Elevation x of the U.k. Singles Chart in January 1967 and peaking at No. half-dozen.[39] The single was released in the United States on May ane, 1967 with the B-side "51st Anniversary", but failed to chart. Nevertheless, "Hey Joe" as recorded by the Jimi Hendrix Experience, with bankroll vocals by the Breakaways, remains the best-known version of the vocal[half dozen] and was listed equally No. 201 on Rolling Stone magazine's The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time in 2010.[40] In 2000, Full Guitar magazine ranked it equally the 13th greatest comprehend version of all time.[41] In 2009, information technology was named the 22nd greatest hard rock song of all time by VH1.[42] "Hey Joe" was the last vocal Hendrix performed at the Woodstock festival in 1969 and as such, information technology was also the last song of the whole festival. The song was performed after the oversupply, comprising the 80,000 who had non yet left the festival, cheered for an encore.[43]
Later recordings / live performances (1967–present) [edit]
Cher recorded a version of "Hey Joe" on Royal Records in late 1966, which peaked at number 94 on the Billboard Hot 100 nautical chart. It was included on her 1967 album, With Dear, Chér. An AllMusic review noted that her version "makes for some fun" only was "non so spectacular" and "clearly the wrong material for this dandy singer."[44]
French singer Johnny Hallyday covered the song in French in 1966. His version reached No. 2 in Wallonia (French-speaking Belgium).[45]
Marmalade recorded a version of the vocal in 1968 because they needed a B-side to their unmarried "Lovin' Things" in a hurry, and considering they thought it was a traditional song and every bit such, the band would go the songwriting royalties from it.[46] Marmalade guitarist Inferior Campbell stated in interview that "Jimi Hendrix's version had already sold well-nigh 200,000 copies and and then we sold about 300,000 on the flip of 'Lovin' Thing'. Only then the following year, the gars who'd written the bloody vocal suddenly turned up out of the woodwork!".[46]
Frank Zappa recorded a parody of the song, titled "Flower Punk", on the Mothers of Invention album We're Only in It for the Money in 1968.[47] The vocal was one of several on the album that parodied the stylish hippie lifestyle. Lyrics in Zappa's version included "Hey Punk, where you goin' with that flower in your hand?/Well, I'm goin' up to Frisco to bring together a psychedelic band."[48] [49]
Wilson Pickett released a version of the song that reached No. 59 on the Usa Hot 100 in August 1969,[50] No. 29 on the United states of america R&B chart, No. 42 on the Canadian RPM magazine chart,[51] and No. xvi on the U.k. chart.
Patti Smith released a cover of "Hey Joe" as the A-side of her offset unmarried, backed with "Piss Manufacturing plant", in 1974. Her version is unique in that she includes a brief and salacious monologue nigh fugitive heiress Patty Hearst and her kidnapping and participation with the Symbionese Liberation Army.[52] Smith's version portrays Hearst as Joe with a "gun in her hand".[52]
Willy DeVille recorded a mariachi version for his 1992 anthology Backstreets of Want, which reached number i in Spain and France.[53] [ ameliorate source needed ]
1,881 guitarists played "Hey Joe" in Wrocław on May 1, 2007, setting what was, at the time, a new Guinness tape.
In Wrocław, Poland, several records were set for mass performances of "Hey Joe". The latest was on May 1, 2012, when 7,273 guitarists played the song outdoors.[54]
References [edit]
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- ^ Hicks, Michael (2000). Sixties Rock: Garage, Psychedelic, and Other Satisfactions. University of Illinois Press. p. 55. ISBN0-252-06915-3.
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- ^ a b c Webb, Robert (January 24, 2003). "Double Take: 'Hey Joe', Tim Rose/Jimi Hendrix". The Contained . Retrieved June 19, 2016.
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- ^ a b c d Tom Leonardi, "Folk Music, the Musical Industrial Complex, and "Hey Joe.", KZFR.org, September iv, 2014. Retrieved June 16, 2020
- ^ Cistron Santoro, ""The Weird, Tangled Story of "Hey Joe"", MusicAficionado.com. Retrieved sixteen June 2020
- ^ Beissel, Kim (2004). Original Seeds Vol. 2: Songs That Inspired Nick Cave & the Bad Seeds (CD liner notes).
- ^ Patrick Sullivan, Review of Songs of Leaving, Allmusic.com. Retrieved 2 April 2020
- ^ a b Rogan, Johnny (1996). Fifth Dimension (CD liner notes). The Byrds.
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- ^ Tim Rose fabricated a similar merits regarding the authorship of "Morn Dew".
- ^ "Little Sadie a.k.a. Bad Lee Brown, East St. Louis Blues, Late Ane Dark, Penitentiary Dejection". Mudcat.org . Retrieved July 27, 2016.
- ^ "Forgotten Fields: Inland Rice Plantations in the South Carolina Lowcountry – Jericho Plantation". Ldhi.library.cofc.edu. Archived from the original on April 21, 2016. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
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- ^ Joynson, Vernon (1997). Fuzz, Acid and Flowers (4th ed.). Borderline Productions. ISBN1-899855-06-8.
- ^ Wipe Out: The Singles Album 1963–67 (LP liner notes)). 1987.
- ^ Unterbereger, Richie. "The Standells: Muddy Water – Review". AllMusic . Retrieved July 26, 2009.
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- ^ Talevski, Nick (2006). Stone Obituaries - Knocking On Heaven'due south Door. Motorcoach Printing. p. 266. ISBN978-1846090912.
Dubbed The Jimi Hendrix Experience, the group enjoyed a British hitting, a blues-stone encompass of the folk standard, 'Hey Joe', which was followed by...
- ^ a b "Chas Chandler – Biography". AllMusic . Retrieved July 27, 2009.
- ^ a b Welch, Chris (July xviii, 1996). "Chas Chandler Obituary". The Independent. London. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
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{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived re-create as title (link) - ^ "Jimi Hendrix – Alive at Woodstock review". AllMusic . Retrieved July 27, 2009.
- ^ Viglione, Joe. "Cher: With Dear, Cher – Review". AllMusic . Retrieved July 27, 2016.
- ^ Ultratop.be - Johnny Hallyday - "Hey Joe"
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Sources [edit]
- Sixties Rock, Michael Hicks, University of Illinois Press, 2000
- Original Seeds Vol. two: Songs that inspired Nick Cave & the Bad Seeds, Kim Beissel, CD liner notes, Rubber Records Australia, 2004
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hey_Joe
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